结构参数像差由两种类型的输入指定。首先是一个助记符，然后是一个表面数字，格式为。
{ A / S / MUL / DIV } name SN
其中的name可以替换成以下命令:
| | [url=mk  MSITStore:C:\Users\Asus\Desktop\SYNOPSYSV15.chm::/um1033.htm#ard] RD[/url] | [url=mk MSITStore:C:\Users\Asus\Desktop\SYNOPSYSV15.chm::/um1033.htm#axdc] ZDC[/url] | [url=mk MSITStore:C:\Users\Asus\Desktop\SYNOPSYSV15.chm::/um1033.htm#aag] GG[/url] | [url=mk MSITStore:C:\Users\Asus\Desktop\SYNOPSYSV15.chm::/um1033.htm#apya] PYA[/url] | [url=mk MSITStore:C:\Users\Asus\Desktop\SYNOPSYSV15.chm::/um1033.htm#apxa] PXA[/url] | | | [url=mk MSITStore:C:\Users\Asus\Desktop\SYNOPSYSV15.chm::/um1033.htm#ard] RAD[/url] | [url=mk MSITStore:C:\Users\Asus\Desktop\SYNOPSYSV15.chm::/um1033.htm#anar] NAR[/url] | [url=mk MSITStore:C:\Users\Asus\Desktop\SYNOPSYSV15.chm::/um1033.htm#aal] XL[/url] | [url=mk MSITStore:C:\Users\Asus\Desktop\SYNOPSYSV15.chm::/um1033.htm#apya] PYB[/url] | [url=mk MSITStore:C:\Users\Asus\Desktop\SYNOPSYSV15.chm::/um1033.htm#apxa] PXB[/url] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
第二种类型采用助记符和零或更多的额外数字。
{ A / S / MUL / DIV } name
其中的name可以替换成以下命令
| RD or RAD | refers to the radius of curvature. For conics, the axial radius (a**2 / b) is used. 指的是曲率半径。对于圆锥，使用轴向半径(a**2 / b)。 | | | CV | is the curvature, or 1 / RADIUS. 曲率,或1 /R。 | | CC | refers to the conic constant. 表示圆锥常数。 | | IND | refers to the primary index. 指的是主光线折射率。 | | PDISP | refers to the difference between Nlong and Nshort. 指Nlong和Nshort的区别。 | | TH | is the axial thickness or airspace. (Note: to target the object distance, use "TH0", not "TH 0" or “0 TH” -- see 10.3.2.) 是轴向厚度或空气间隔。(注:精确物距使用“TH0”，而不是“TH 0”或“0 TH”——见10.3.2) | | TILT | is the angle, in degrees, of the AT, BT, or GT on that surface. Undo tilts are ignored. This is not used to target GLOBAL or LOCAL tilts, which have other mnemonics (see below). 是表面上AT, BT，或GT的角度。撤销倾斜被忽略。这并不用于全局倾斜或局部倾斜，这些倾斜具有其他助记符(如下)。 | | XDC, YDC, and ZDC | are the amount of relative surface decenter (not LOCAL or GLOBAL). 是相对表面偏心的数量(不是局部的或全局的)。 | | | NAR | refers to the narcissus contribution of that surface 指冷反射对那个表面的贡献 | | | RGR | is similar to the NAR aberration, except that it refers to a ghost image of the detector at a pupil position rather than back at the detector. 类似于NAR像差，只是它指的是位于光瞳位置的检测器的鬼像，而不是位于检测器的背面。 The value calculated for this aberration, multiplied by the value of YA at the pupil, is the value of YA of the retroreflected axial paraxial marginal ray at the pupil. 计算这个像差的值，乘以光瞳处的YA值，就是在光瞳处反射的轴向近轴边缘光线的YA值。 | | | WGT | controls the weight, in grams, of the element between this surface and the next. See section 5.2. This calculation currently ignores any EFILE data that may be in effect. 控制元件在这个表面和下一个表面之间的权重。参见5.2节。此计算目前忽略任何可能生效的EFILE数据。 | | | XG, YG, ZG | are the GLOBAL coordinates of the surface. 是表面的全局坐标。 | | | AG, BG, GG | are the GLOBAL angles of the surface, in degrees. 是表面的全局角度，单位是度数。 | | | XL, YL, ZL, AL, BL, GL | are the position and angles in LOCAL coordinates (i.e., in the coordinate system of the previous surface) , in degrees. 为局部坐标中的位置和角度(即，在前一个表面的坐标系中)，单位为度。 | | | XE, YE, ZE, AE, BE, GE | control the EXTERNAL positions and angles. 控制外部位置和角度。 | | | PYA, PYB, PUA, PUB, POW, PIB | are the Y, U, and I (angle of incidence) values for the A and B paraxial rays. Ray A is the axial marginal ray, and ray B is the chief ray. POW is the element power. 为A和B近轴光线的Y、U和I(入射角)值。光线A为轴向边缘光线，光线B为主光线。POW是元件光焦度。 | | | PXA, PXB, PVA, PVB, PJA, PJB | correspond to the PYA, etc. aberrations above, except that they apply to the skew plane. These aberrations are zero unless XPXT is turned on. PJA is power in the X-Z plane. 对应于上面的PYA像差，除了那它们还适用于斜平面。除非XPXT被打开，否则这些像差为零。PJA是X-Z平面的幂。 | | | GC NB ISN | | | | ZDATA NGROUP NZOOM | is the ZDATA zoom of group NGROUP at zoom NZOOM. The lens must be a ZFILE zoom lens. 是指在10.2节中定义的GRIN系数。 | | | G NB ISN | targets an aspheric coefficient (DC1 terms, etc): G number NB on surface ISN. 目标为非球面系数(DC1项等):G值NB在表面上为非球面系数。 | | | CAO | Is the radius of the clear aperture. This will be calculated during optimization, so it is always current. If the surface has a hard CAO, this quantity will be fixed unless the CAO is also a variable. See section 6.2.1 for a discussion of the default definition. If the surface has a hard EAO or RAO, the Y semi-axis is returned. See section 3.3.1.1 for a description of these features. 是孔径的半径。这将在优化过程中计算，因此它始终是当前的。如果表面有固定的CAO，这个量将是固定的，除非CAO也是一个变量。有关默认定义的讨论，请参见第6.2.1节。如果表面有硬的EAO或RAO，则返回Y半轴。有关这些特性的描述，请参阅第3.3.1.1节。 This aberration will control the aperture at a single surface at the current ACON and ZOOM. If you want to control the apertures of all elements in the lens, use the AAC control 这种像差将在当前的ACON和ZOOM处控制单个表面的孔径。如果您想要控制镜头中所有元件的孔径，请使用AAC控件 | | | SCAO | This returns the sag of the surface at the clear aperture given by the current CAO value. It is intended to help control edge feathering in zoom lenses, where the ECP and ECN features do not account for the feathering that may occur at apertures in a different zoom setting. The monitor AZA is intended to control things automatically, but you may get more detailed control with this option. 这返回表面在当前CAO值给定的通光孔径上的sag。它的目的是帮助控制变焦镜头的边缘羽化，在变焦镜头中，ECP和ECN的特征并不能解释在不同的镜头设置中，孔径上可能出现的羽化。监视器AZA用于自动控制事物，但是您可以使用这个选项获得更详细的控制。 | | | XLOC | is the actual value of the X coordinate of the image centroid most recently defined by a previous GNN request. 是由先前的GNN设置最近定义的图像质心的X坐标的实际值。 | | | YLOC | is the actual value of the Y coordinate of the image centroid most recently defined by a previous GNN request. 是由先前的GNN设置最近定义的图像质心的Y坐标的实际值。 | | | ABR NB | refers to a previous weighted aberration, which may be reused in combination with other composite members. The number entered for NB refers to the aberration number to be reused, if it is positive. If negative, it refers to the current number plus the entered value. (To refer to the just-previous aberration, you would enter -1, and so on.) 指先前的加权像差，可以与其他复合构件结合重用。NB的输入数字是指如果是正的，将被重新使用的像差值。如果为负数，则表示当前数字加上输入值。(参考刚才的像差，您可以输入- 1，等等。) | | | SAG SN X Y | refers to the surface sag of surface SN, at the coordinates X Y. There is also a form that returns the sag of a surface at the current CAO aperture, this is the SCAO. 指先前的加权像差，可以与其他复合构件结合重用。NB的输入数字是指如果是正的，将被重新使用的像差值。如果为负数，则表示当前数字加上输入值。(参考刚才的像差，您可以输入- 1，等等。) | | | CONST NB | enters a constant, NB, to be used in combination with other aberration components when the compound aberration involves a constant. 输入一个常数NB，当复合像差涉及一个常数时，与其他像差分量结合使用。 | | | OAL JSSS JSPS | controls the overall length between two surfaces, as defined by the sum of the intervening thickness. This uses only the TH value, which may not be appropriate if global or local positions are involved. 控制两个表面之间的总长度，定义为干涉厚度之和。这只使用TH值，如果涉及全局或局部位置，则可能不合适。 | | | STRAIN | controls the strain of an element. This might serve to reduce the aberrations (and power) of the selected element. 控制元件的应变。这可能有助于减少所选元件的像差(和光焦度)。 | | | FRMS | This aberration applies only to a surface defined as USS type 9, which uses Forbes aspheric polynomials type A to describe the departure of the surface from a sphere + conic section. It controls the RMS departure of the aspheric terms from the base conic. 这种像差只适用于定义为USS类型9的表面，它使用福布斯a类非球面多项式来描述球面从球面+圆锥截面的偏离。它控制非球面项与基圆锥曲线的RMS偏离。 Note that you can also control the departure of an aspheric surface from the best-fitting sphere via the CLINK option, where the data are calculated by the ADEF command. See the above link for details. 注意，您还可以通过CLINK选项控制非球面偏离最佳拟合球面，其中的数据由ADEF命令计算。详情请参见上面的链接。 | | | FSLOPE | This form controls the slope error of a Forbes polynomial type B, or USS type 11. See above. 这个列表控制了多项式B型或USS 11型的斜率误差。见上图。 | | | FFHIGH | controls the highest (most positive) reduced sag of a free-form surface. See Section 5.49 for a description of this term. 控制自由表面的最高(最正的)下降sag。有关本项的描述，请参阅第5.49节。 | | | FFLOW | controls the lowest (most negative) reduced sag of a free-form surface. 控制一个自由表面的最低(最负)sag。 | | | FFTIR | controls the total runout due to the non-symmetric terms in a Zernike expansion of a free-form surface. 在一个自由表面的Zernike扩展中，控制了非对称项的总输出。 | | | FFRMS | controls the rms runout due to the non-symmetric terms in a Zernike expansion of a free-form surface. 在自由表面的Zernike扩展中，由于非对称项，控制rms。 | | | FFALPHA | controls the alpha angle (in the Y-Z plane) of the surface normal of a free-form surface at the optical center (the on-axis chief-ray point). This angle defines the axis of the part when it is centered in a lathe. 控制在光学中心的自由表面的表面法线的阿尔法角(在Y-Z平面)(轴上的主光线点)。该角度限定了零件在车床中心时的轴线。 | | | FFBETA | controls the beta angle (in the X-Z plane) of the surface normal of a free-form surface at the optical center (the on-axis chief-ray point). This angle defines the axis of the part when it is centered in a lathe. 控制在光学中心的自由表面的表面法线的角度(在X-Z平面)。该角度限定了零件在车床中心时的轴线。 | | | ETH | controls the edge thickness of an element or airspace. This is calculated at the current CAO (not the EFILE edge) and ignores any tilt or decenter on the surface following SN. It is not appropriate for hyperhemispherical surfaces, which have two different sags at the same Y-coordinate. 控制元件或空气间隔的边缘厚度。这是在当前CAO(不是EFILE edge)上计算的，并且忽略了SN之后表面的任何倾斜或去中心点。它不适用于具有相同y坐标的两个不同sag的高半球表面。 | | | BLTH | controls the thickness of a lens blank. The program takes the axial thickness of the designated surface and adds the sag of the curves at the current CAO on both sides if they are concave, but not if convex. The calculation is performed in the Y-Z plane, ignoring any tilt or decenter on the second side of the element. 控制镜坯的厚度。该程序取指定表面的轴向厚度，并在当前的CAO两侧增加曲线的sag，如果是凹的，而不是凸的。计算是在Y-Z平面上进行的，忽略了元件第二面的任何倾斜或偏心。 The absolute value is returned, so the answer is always positive. 返回绝对值，所以答案总是正值。 | | | LSX, LSY, LSZ | These quantities will control the (X, Y, Z) separation between two surfaces that are not numerically adjacent. If the surfaces are adjacent, then the usual edge-thickness controls can easily prevent feathered edges or too small an airspace, but if the surfaces are not adjacent, those controls do not work. They are also useful if the overlap is in the Y-direction, where the edge controls do not work. 这些量将控制(X, Y, Z)两个非数值邻接面之间的分离。如果表面是相邻的，那么通常的边缘厚度控制可以很容易地防止羽状边缘或太小的空间，但是如果表面不是相邻的，这些控制就不起作用。如果重叠在y方向上，也很有用，因为边缘控制不起作用。 For example, in order to athermalize a lens, one might add a dummy surface between surfaces 4 and 5, assign different expansion coefficients to surfaces 4 and (the inserted) 5, and vary those and other lens parameters. That will tell you where surface 5 should go so you can attach two sleeves to compensate for thermal changes, using the thermal shadowing feature. But you do not want surfaces 4 and 6 to collide, and since they are no longer adjacent numerically, AEC and ECP/N will not work. 例如，为了对透镜进行无热化，可以在透镜4和5之间添加一个虚拟表面，为透镜4和(插入的)5分配不同的膨胀系数，并改变它们和其他透镜参数。这将告诉您表面5应该去哪里，以便使用热遮蔽特性连接两个套筒来补偿热变化。但是你不希望表面4和6发生重叠，而且由于它们不再是数值上的相邻，AEC和ECP/N将不能工作。 You could then enter, in the AANT file, 你可以在AANT文件中输入， M 3 1 A LSZ 4 6 This will control the Z-component of the spacing between surfaces 4 and 6, taken at the current CAO apertures on both surfaces, and target the result to 3 lens units. The program converts this request into the following, in this case: 这将控制表面4和6之间的间隔的z分量，在这两个表面的当前CAO光阑上，并将结果对准3个镜头单元。程序将此设置转换为以下内容: M 3 1 A ZG 6 S ZG 4 A SCAO 6 S SCAO 4 The calculation picks up the global Z-coordinates of the surfaces in this example, but If the system is folded so the local Z-axis is parallel to the Y-axis of surface 1, then one should use the global Y instead. That is the purpose of the LSY option, and similarly for LSX. 计算得到了这个例子中表面的全局z坐标，但是如果系统折叠了，所以局部z轴与表面1的Y轴平行，那么我们应该使用全局Y。这就是LSY选项的目的，LSX也是如此。 | | | ZM1 - ZM3 | These parameters control the first three moments of a ZFILE zoom lens cam curve. ZM1 is the RSS first derivative of the zoom motions of the selected group; ZM2 encodes the second derivative, and ZM3 the third. One often wants to avoid cam curves that swing wildly up and down since, even though the image may look excellent, it will be a challenge to make a cam with that kind of motion. The third moment in such cases will be much larger than for a gentle curve and can be controlled with the ZM3 aberration. 这些参数控制了ZFILE变焦镜头的前三个力矩。ZM1是所选组的镜头运动的RSS一阶导数;ZM2编码二阶导数，ZM3为第三阶导数。人们经常想要避免凸轮曲线的上下波动，尽管图像看起来很好，但用这种运动来制作凸轮是一个挑战。这种情况下的第三个力矩要比平缓曲线大得多，可以用ZM3像差进行控制。 This entry is followed by the number of the group you wish to control. 本命令后面是你希望控制的组的编号。 要评估凸轮曲线的当前力矩，请使用凸轮统计量。 | | | AVOL, ADIFF | These aberrations only apply to those aspherics that can be analyzed by ADEF. They call that program, which compares the current shape with the closest fitting sphere and then returns with the values of the total volume removed to generate the asphere and the maximum sag difference between it and the sphere. If your asphere has large coefficients and the image shows wild swings up and down -- which happens all too often -- you can use these to tone things down. You can also use these to remove an asphere if the lens won't let you simply delete the coefficients. Target one or both to zero, and if that converges you should then be able to declare the surface a sphere. 这些像差只适用于ADEF分析的非球面。他们把这个程序叫做“程序”，它将当前的形状与最接近的拟合球进行比较，然后返回所取的总体积的值来产生非球面，以及它与球面之间最大的sag差值。如果你的非球面系数很大，并且图像确定了剧烈的上下波动——这种情况经常发生——你可以用这些来缓和局势。如果镜头不允许简单地删除系数，也可以使用这些来去除非球面。目标为1或两者都为零，如果它收敛，那么你应该能够将表面声明为一个球体。 | | | FCLEAR | Use this when you want the separation between two adjacent surfaces to become large enough to accomodate a fold mirror. A negative value indicates insufficient clearance, and you should ask for a positive value large enough to allow for mounting hardware, etc. 当你想要两个相邻的面之间的间隔变得足够大以容纳一个折叠镜时，可以使用这个。一个负值表示间隙不足，您应该要求一个足够大的正值以允许安装硬件，等等。 The program evaluates the current CAOs of surface SN and SN+1, plus the sags of the two, and determines whether a 45-degree fold mirror will fit in the space between. The sign of the returned aberration is independent of the sign of the thickness of surface SN. 该程序对表面SN和SN+1的当前CAOs进行评估，再加上两者的sags，并确定一个45度的折叠镜是否适合于两者之间的空间。返回像差的符号与表面SN厚度的符号无关。 | | | GMN, GMV | These quantities target the Nd and Vd of the glass model. 这些量针对的是玻璃模型的Nd和Vd。 | | | DCX, DCY | These return the current decenter of the CAO of the surface in X and Y. They can be used in conjunction with the SCLEAR aberration in cases where the CAO is decentered via the DCCR declaration. 它们以X和Y的形式返回表面CAO的当前偏心。在CAO通过DCCR声明偏心的情况下，它们可以与SCLEAR像差一起使用。 | | | STX, STY | These quantities are intended for use when designing Zernike polynomial surfaces. It is possible for such surfaces to wind up at a steep angle to the vertex plane if certain coefficients are varied. Term G 2, for example, acts like a tilt term on the surface, and the result is then not well described by the actual tilt assigned to the vertex plane. In extreme cases, rays may fail to trace since they must encounter the vertex plane first. 这些量用于设计Zernike多项式表面。如果某些系数是变化的，这样的表面有可能以一个陡峭的角度到达顶点平面。例如，第G 2项就像表面上的一个倾斜项，结果就不能很好地描述为顶点平面的实际倾斜。在极端情况下，光线可能无法追迹，因为它们必须首先遇到顶点平面。 The aberration calculated by these terms is found by taking the sag of the resulting surface at a small positive and negative value of Y on the surface, and finding the difference. If they are equal, the surface is tangent to the vertex plane at the origin and the return is zero. If not, the value is approximately twice the tangent of the angular difference between the surface and the vertex plane. 利用这些项计算出的像差，是通过取得到的表面在Y在表面上的小的正值和负值处的垂度，并求出差值。如果它们相等，表面在原点处与顶点平面相切，返回值为零。如果不是，这个值大约是表面和顶点平面之间角差的正切的两倍。 | | | SLOPE, XSLOPE | These aberrations return the tangent of the slope angle in Y or X of the surface at the given (X,Y) point. It is useful when certain types of aspheres fly rapidly away outside of the useful aperture. In such cases, it is possible for a ray to have more than a single intersection point with that surface, which in turn leads to ray failures if the program finds the wrong one. Keeping the slope under control should avoid this problem. 这些像差返回在给定点(X,Y)处的Y或X的斜率的切线。当某些类型的非球面在有效孔径之外快速偏离时，它是有用的。在这种情况下，一条光线有可能与该表面有多个交点，如果程序找到了错误的交点，这将导致光线失效。保持边坡的控制应避免这一问题。 | | | CAX, CAY | These return the current decenter of a hard CAO on the given surface in X and Y. 它们返回X和Y中给定表面上的固定CAO的当前偏心。 | | | | | | |
The input ABRis most frequently used to permit correcting the differences between individualray intercepts as well as the intercepts themselves, without tracing the raysmore than once. For example, to correct the YC aberration at fullfield for the meridional fan at zones .8 and 1.0, and at the same time correctthe differences in the Y intercepts for these two rays, you could enter
输入ABR最常用于允许校正各个光线截距之间的差异以及截距本身，而不会多次追迹光线。 例如，要校正区域.8和1.0处的经向光扇的全视场YC像差，同时校正这两条光线的Y截距差异，您可以输入
M 0 1 A 2 YC 1 0 1
M 0 1 A 2 YC 1 0.8
M 0 2 A ABR -1
S ABR -2.
这将修正横向像差，并使TFAN在.8到1.0区域的斜率最小化，权重为2.0。
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发表于 2019-6-5 23:40